Ethiopia: Politics & Human Rights
- ACERWC--African Committee of Experts on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)
- "...draws its mandate from the African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child, adopted by the OAU in 1990 and came into force in 1999...The Committee meets twice a year...Most of the discussions are public and civil society is welcome to take part."
- African child rights law cases (2017)
- Africa is a Country on Ethiopia (New York) Blog
- "Ethiopia's murderous new era," June 5, 2021. By Solen Feyissa.
- The Ethiopian model," December 7, 2020. By Sean Jacobs.
- "How to think about Ethiopian politics today," November 25, 2020. By Alden Young. Book review
- "The violence in Ethiopia," September 14, 2020. By Beza Tesfaye.
- "Ethiopia's capitalist turn," March 14, 2019. By Stephanie Jay.
- All articles on Ethiopia
- "Ethiopia's murderous new era," June 5, 2021. By Solen Feyissa.
- African Arguments on Ethiopia (London, UK) Blog
- "'Ethiopia’s other conflict': What’s driving the violence in Oromia?" July 22, 2022. By Asafa Jalata.
- "Tigray dispatch: 'How do you expect to stop war crimes with a request?'" September 1, 2021. By Mulugeta Gebrehiwot.
- "Ethiopia: Abiy Ahmed's two options after the election," June 21, 2021. By Mohamed Girma.
- "Ethiopia: The wider battle of which the Tigray war is just a part," March 24, 2021. By Etana Dinka.
- "Tigray: One hundred days of war." February 12, 2021. By Martin Plaut.
- "'They Have Destroyed Tigray, Literally': Mulugeta Gebrehiwot Speaks from the Mountains of Tigray." January 29, 2021. Transcript of interview by Alex de Waal.
--For the podcast interview itself, see: World Peace Foundation below - Why the third layer of Ethiopia’s conflict may be the most worrying." November 28, 2020. By Mohammed Girma.
- "Tigray: How Ethiopia reached this crisis point and how it could get out." November 13, 2020. By Nick Westcott.
- "'Ethiopia’s other conflict': What’s driving the violence in Oromia?" July 22, 2022. By Asafa Jalata.
- Algiers Peace Agreement, June 2000 (via UN Peacemaker, United Nations Department of Political Affairs, New York ; see also: United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)
- Amnesty International on Ethiopia Search (New York and Washington, DC)Including:--Failure to address human rights concerns: AI submission to the UN Universal Periodic Review (May 2013)
--Stifling human rights work: the impact of civil society legislation in Ethiopia (March 2012)
- Boston Review: "We can no longer deny the atrocities in Ethiopia," March 2, 2021. By Alex de Waal. (Boston, Massachusetts)
--See also: World Peace Foundation below
- CARD--Center for Advancement of Rights and Democracy (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)[Since 2019]..."CARD is a reimagined and expansive version of a previous organization known as the Ethiopia Human Rights Project (EHRP) which was a foreign-based Human Rights Organizations due to legal restrictions in Ethiopia... CARD is dedicated to grassroots empowerment of the youth and women to make human rights a popular movement in Ethiopia."
--See especially: Ethiopian Law Documents -and- Reports - Center for Strategic and International Studies on Ethiopia (Washington, DC)
- "The Battle of Mekelle and its Implications for Ethiopia," December 4, 2020. By Judd Devermont.
- Ethiopia: assessing risks to stability. (2011) by Terence Lyons. --Washington, DC: CSIS, 2011.
26 pages in PDF format. - See also: "Stress Testing African States" series
- "The Battle of Mekelle and its Implications for Ethiopia," December 4, 2020. By Judd Devermont.
- Chatham House: "Horn of Africa Group" Research Project (London, UK)
- Webinar panel--"Ethiopia’s elections: Context, challenges and prospects for pluralism." (February 3, 2021) Videorecording
- "Unrest Threatens Ethiopia's Transition Under Abiy Ahmed." (July 2020) By Ahmed Soliman and Abel Abate Demissie.
- "Can Abiy Ahmed Continue to Remodel Ethiopia?" (April 2019). By Ahmed Soliman and Abel Abate Demissie.
- Webinar panel--"Ethiopia’s elections: Context, challenges and prospects for pluralism." (February 3, 2021) Videorecording
- The Committee to Protect Journalists: Ethiopia (New York)This site offers reports on the press freedom in Ethiopia and journalists in exile from 1999 to the present. See also: Attacks on the Press.--Plus: Zone 9 Bloggers--2015 International Press Freedom Award -and- Zone 9 blog site (***In Amharic)
- The Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1994) -- in English
- The Constitution of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (1994, 2000) (Axel Tschentscher, International Constitutional Law, Universität Bern, Switzerland)
- Ethiopia's Constitution of 1994 (Constitute, Comparative Constitutions Project, University of Texas at Austin)
- The Conversation Blog on Ethiopia (Washington, DC, USA; Johannesburg, South Africa)
- "What Lies Behind the War in Tigray," November 19, 2020. By Prof. Asafa Jalata, University of Tennessee, Nashville, USA.
- "Ethnic Violence in Tigray Has Echoes of Ethiopia's Tragic Past," November 19, 2020. By Dr. Laura Hammond, School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, UK.
- All articles on Ethiopia
- Council on Foreign Relations on Ethiopia (2021) (Washington, DC)
- "The Conflict in Ethiopia's Tigray Region: What to Know," February 10, 2021.
- "Simmering Tensions Come to a Boil in Ethiopia's Tigray Region," November 9, 2020.
- "Ethiopia: East Africa's Emerging Giant." (November 2020) Backgrounder
- Avoiding conflict in the Horn of Africa: U.S. policy toward Ethiopia and Eritrea. By Terence Lyons (December 2006). Council Special Report No. 21.-- Washington, DC: The Council, 2006. 51 pages in PDF format
- "The Conflict in Ethiopia's Tigray Region: What to Know," February 10, 2021.
- Elections in Ethiopia, 2021, 2015 and earlier
- African Arguments: "Ethiopia: Abiy Ahmed's two options after the election," June 21, 2021. By Mohamed Girma. (London, UK)
- Al Jazeera--Inside Story: "Will democracy in Ethiopia be established?" June 21, 2021. Video news report.
- BBC News: "Ethiopia elections 2021: Abiy Ahmed faces first vote amid conflict," June 21, 2021...and related articles. (London, UK)
- Chatham House: "Peacebuilding amidst elections in Ethopia," June 16, 2021. (London, UK)
- Ethiopia Insight on "Elections 2021" (Cambridge, UK)
- International Crisis Group "The Horn" Podcast: "Ethiopia's rocky transitional election," June 16, 2021. (Washington, DC)
- Nazret.com: "Ethiopia votes in greatest electoral test yet for PM Abiy," June 21, 2021. (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)
- The Reporter: "Ethiopia on Election Day," June 26, 2021. (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)
- Elections in 2015 and earlier
- Al Jazeera English (Doha): "Ethiopia's ruling party sweeps elections," May 27, 2015
- British Broadcasting Corporation News (London, UK): "Ethiopia election: EPRDF wins every seat in Parliament," June 22, 2015
--See also: Ethiopian elections coverage, May 26, 2010 -and- May 23, 2010
- Elections in 2005 and 2010
- European Union Election Observation Mission to Ethiopia 2010 (Addis Ababa; Brussels, Belgium)[To observe and to report on national legislative and state council elections on May 23, 2010.] "A group of 90 long term observers from 22 EU member states, Canada, Norway and Switzerland have been deployed to all regions of Ethiopia on 27 April. They will be reinforced by more than 60 short term observers who will arrive approximately one week before election day."
- MediaEthiopia: 2005 Commentary. (Samuel Kinde Kassegne et al., San Diego, California)
- African Elections Database on Ethiopia (2010) (Albert C. Nunley, via Tripod.Com, USA)
- BBC News on Ethiopian elections, May 17, 2005 (British Broadcasting Corporation, London, UK)
- The Carter Center: Observing the 2005 Ethiopia national elections, Carter Center final report. (December 2009) -- Atlanta, Georgia: The Center, 2009. 69 pages in PDF format
- Radio France International: "Ethiopie: Dérapage post-électoral (le 9 juin 2005)" et three articles sur le même sujet (du 15 au 18 mai 2005) ; en plus: René Lefort sur l'Ethiopie, le 9 novembre 2005 -et-
le 6 juin 2005
- European Union Election Observation Mission to Ethiopia 2010 (Addis Ababa; Brussels, Belgium)
- Al Jazeera English (Doha): "Ethiopia's ruling party sweeps elections," May 27, 2015
- African Arguments: "Ethiopia: Abiy Ahmed's two options after the election," June 21, 2021. By Mohamed Girma. (London, UK)
- The Embassy of Ethiopia in the United States (Washington, DC)
- Ethiopia Insight (William Davison et al., Cambridge, UK)
- EZEMA--Ethiopian Citizens for Social Justice (Addis Ababa) In Amharic
--See also: International Council Support for Citizens for Social Justice
- Ginbot 7 Movement for Justice, Freedom and Democracy (2017-2019) (Haarlem, The Netherlands; Alexandria, Virginia, USA)The official web site of a key organization in the Ethiopian political opposition--in English and Amharic.
***Note: As of May 2019, this organization had merged with other opposition groups to form a new political party, Ethiopian Citizens for Social Justice.
- GlobaLex: Introduction to the Ethiopian Legal System and Legal Research (2010) -and- Update (2016) (New York University Law School, New York)
- Government of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
- Office of the Prime Minister
- Ethiopian Government Portal
- Ministry of Foreign AffairsSee also: News blog of the MFA
- Ministry of Peace
- Parliament of Ethiopia
- Office of the Prime Minister
- Ethiopian Human Rights Council (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia) Amharic version
HRCO (formerly EHRCO) is an "independent, non-governmental" organization which investigates human rights violations and has published press releases, annual reports, and special reports since 2004.
-- See also: EHRC (English version)
- Ethiopian Human Rights Project--Archive (Nairobi, Kenya) --via Internet Archive and Columbia University Libraries
Begun in 2015, the web site --in English and in Amharic-- belonged to an Ethiopian human rights advocacy organization, with representatives in Ethiopia, the USA, the UK, and elsewhere. "...a non-governmental organization whose vision is the amplification of Ethiopian Human Rights Voices."
--Superseded by: CARD--Center for Advancement of Rights and Democracy
- Human Rights Watch on Ethiopia (New York & Washington, DC)
- Current HRW news and reports on Ethiopia
- "'We Will Erase You from This Land': Crimes Against Humanity and Ethnic Cleansing in Ethiopia's Western Tigray Zone," April 2022.
- "Ethiopia: Eritrean Forces Massacre Tigray Civilians," March 5, 2021.
- "Ethiopia: Unlawful Shelling of Tigray Urban Areas." February 11, 2021.
- "Ethiopia: Justice Needed for Deadly October Violence." April 1, 2020.
- "Abiy's First Year as Prime Minister, Review of Conflict and Internally Displaced Persons," April 9, 2019
- Dispatches: "Hope for revision of Ethiopia's draconian laws?" (August 27, 2018)
- "'We are like the dead': torture and other human rights abuses in Jail Ogaden, Somali Regional State, Ethiopia." (July 4, 2018) -- New York: HRW, 2018. 98 pages in PDF
- "'Such a brutal crackdown!': killings and arrests in response to Ethiopia's Oromo protests.' (June 16, 2016)
-- New York: HRW, 2016. 86 pages in PDF format - "Ethiopia: no let up in crackdown on protests." (February 21, 2016)
- "Development without freedom: how aid underwrites repression in Ethiopia." (October 2010)
-- New York: HRW, 2010. 111 pages in PDF format
- "Collective punishment: war crimes and crimes against humanity in the Ogaden area of Ethiopia's Somali Region" (June 2008) Human Rights Watch report (138 pages in PDF format)
- Shell shocked: civilians under seige in Mogadishu (August 2007)
- Suppressing dissent: human rights abuses and political repression in Ethiopia's Oromia Region (May 2005).
- Federal Republic of Ethiopia, 2002. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2003. (Online).
- Federal Republic of Ethiopia, 2001. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2002. (Online).
- Federal Republic of Ethiopia, 2000. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2001. (Online).
- Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, 1999. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2000. (Online).
- Ethiopia, 1998-99. In Human Rights Watch World Report 1999. (Online).
- "Ethiopia: The Curtailment of Rights." (December 1997)
- Institute for Peace and Security Studies, Addis Ababa University (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)"...a premier institute for peace and security studies in Africa. Its mission is to promote peace and security in Ethiopia and Africa at large through education, research and professional development.."
--See especially: IPSS publications - Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre: Internally displaced persons in Ethiopia (2018--) Norwegian Refugee Council, Oslo, Norway (via Geneva, Switzerland)For each country in the IDMC survey, the document collection includes an overall summary, population figures, social indicators, and some analyses.
- International affairs. (UK): "Regional power and contested hierarchy: Ethiopia , an 'imperfect hegemon' in the Horn of Africa." (September 2018) By Sonia Le Gouriellec. Published by Oxford University Press.
- International Crisis Group on Ethiopia (Washington, DC)
- "Avoiding the Abyss as War Resumes in Northern Ethiopia," September 7, 2022.
- "Ethiopia's Tigray War: A Deadly, Dangerous Stalemate." (April 2, 2021)
- "Finding a Path to Peace in Ethiopia's Tigray Region." (February 11, 2021)
- "Ethiopia's Clash with Tigray: Getting to a Ceasefire and National Dialogue," November 5, 2020. Alert
- "Keeping Ethiopia's Transition on the Rails." (December 16, 2019)
- "Bridging the Gap in the Nile Waters Dispute." (March 20, 2019)
- "Managing Ethiopia's Unsettled Transition." (February 21, 2019)
- "Ethiopia: Prospects for Peace in Ogaden" (August 2013)
- "Ethnic Federalism and its Discontents" (September 2009)
- "Beyond the Fragile Peace between Ethiopia and Eritrea...." (June 2008)
- "Ethiopia and Eritrea: war or peace?" (September 2003)
- "Avoiding the Abyss as War Resumes in Northern Ethiopia," September 7, 2022.
- Justice for All--PF Ethiopia (2018) (Addis Ababa)"...founded in 1992 as a non-government organization in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE). Since its establishment, JFA-PFE has been working on the improvement of prisoners’ lives and handling them in its holistic manner."
- Nations and Nationalism: "Nationalism and self-determination in contemporary Ethiopia," December 2020. By Mulugeta Gebrehiwot Berhe and Feseha Habtetsion Gebresilassie. (Association for the Study of Ethnicity and Nationalism, London, UK)
- New York University, Center for the Study of Africa and the African Diaspora--African Worlds in Conversation:
"Whither Ethiopia? The Implications of Intervention in Tigray Province," April 9, 2021. (New York)
--A panel discussion with Adom Getachew, Ruth Iyob, Semahagn Abebe, & Michael Gomez ; via YouTube.com
- North American Conference on Ethiopian Jewry
(New York)Reports covering the period since 1998 on the situation in Ethiopia and Israel; and requests for humanitarian support. - OpenDemocracy: "Ethiopia: Climbing Mount Uncertainty," October 21, 2018 -and- "Twofold Crisis in Ethiopia: the Elites and the Street," April 12, 2018. By René Lefort (London, UK)
--See other articles on Ethiopia, 2010-2018 - Oromo Liberation Front Web Site (Washington, DC ; Berlin, Germany)The OLF, originally established in 1973, offers its views on the human rights situation in Ethiopia -- in opposition to the current government in "Finefinne" (Addis Ababa).
- Policy Center for the New South: "The Tigray War and the African Union," August 11, 2021. By Hisham Aidi. (Rabat, Morocco)
- SIPRI Insights on Peace and Security: Ethiopia’s Transition: Implications for the Horn of Africa and Red Sea Region. (March 2020)
By Jason Mosley. (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Sweden) - Social Science Research Council -- Crisis in the Horn of Africa, 2007-2009 (SSRC Africa Program, New York)SSRC news analysis forum on Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti and Sudan.
- United Nations Agencies
- United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)
- ReliefWeb on EthiopiaOCHA situation reports and links to current or breaking news stories.
- ReliefWeb on Ethiopia
- United Nations. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights: Ethiopia -- news, reports, and treaties
--See especially: Report of the Ethiopian Human Rights Commission (EHRC)/Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) Joint Investigation...Conflict in the Tigray Region (November 3, 2021) - United Nations Development Program-Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia (EUE Web; via University of Pennsylvania)"The Emergencies Unit for Ethiopia, an integral part of the United Nations Development Programme field office, is responsible for monitoring relief needs and providing humanitarian support services to the Resident Coordinator and specialist UN agencies. It has existed under various names and guises for more than ten years, funded through a combination of UN and bilateral donor contributions." The collection now includes an archive of maps.
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees: Ethiopia Tigray Emergency, 2020--
--See also: UNHCR Operational Data Portal on Ethiopia - United Nations Peacekeeping Operations: UNMEE--United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea, 2000-2008 (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia)
- United Nations. Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA)
- United States. Department of State on Ethiopia (Washington, DC)
- Ethiopia Country Report on Human Rights Practices: 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022
--Search by country for years: 1996-1999 -and- 1999-2015 - Ethiopia Country Report on International Religious Freedom: 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022
--Search by country for years: 2001-2015
--Plus: 1999 | 2000
- Ethiopia Country Report on Human Rights Practices: 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022
- U.S. Embassy in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- Woodrow Wilson Center for International Scholars--Africa Program: "Ethiopia: Can the Future Prevail." (July 2019) By Marina Ottaway. (Washington, DC) Africa Program Occasional Paper ; 8 pages in PDF format
- World Peace Foundation (Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts)
- WPF on Ethiopia (2022)
- "Five Scenarios of State Collapse in Ethiopia," July 26, 2021. By Alex de Waal.
- Podcast: "'They Have Destroyed Tigray, Literally': Mulugeta Gebrehiwot speaks from the mountains of Tigray." January 29, 2021.
--See also: Berhe and Gebresilassie article in Nations and Nationalism above - "The Future of Ethiopia: Developmental State or Political Marketplace?" (August 20, 2018). By Alex de Waal. 19 pages in PDF format
- WPF on Ethiopia (2022)