Sudan: Politics, Human Rights, and Military & Foreign Policy
- "Abyei Arbitration" -- The Government of Sudan/The Sudan People's Liberation Movement/Army, 2008-2009: Case Before the Permanent Court of Arbitration (The Hague, The Netherlands)The proceedings, press releases, related documents, and webcasts are available on this site.
"On July 11, 2008, the Government of Sudan and the Sudan People's Liberation Movement deposited an Arbitration Agreement with the PCA. A five member arbitral tribunal was then constituted to decide the case, with the PCA acting as registry and providing administrative support...On July 22, 2009, the arbitration tribunal rendered its Final Award."
--See also: Documents on Abyei (via UN Mission in Sudan)
Plus: UNIFSA--UN Interim Security Force for Abyei -and- UNMAS in Abyei - African Centre for Justice and Peace Studies (New York, USA; London, UK)
- "[Since 2009]...to bring about a Sudan committed to all human rights, the rule of law and peace in which the rights and freedoms of the individual are honoured and where all persons, groups and communities are granted their rights to non-discrimination, equality and justice."
- "Sudan Coup Update: Former detainee succumbs to injuries obtained while in custody; COVID-19 cases and other violations," November 15, 2021.
- "Incommunicado detentions and increase in media gags amidst heavy crackdown on anti-government protests in Sudan," January 24, 2019.
- Sudan Human Rights Monitor. (Online), 2009 to present -- New York: ACJPS, 2009-
- Sudan's electoral period marred by arrests and incommunicado detention...(April 2015)
- "Sifting through shattered hopes: assessing the electoral process in Sudan." (May 2010) ; plus, all other thematic reports.
- African Press Organization: Database of Press Releases Related to Africa---Sudan (Dakar, Senegal; Lausanne, Switzerland)
- African Union/United Nations--Sudan Consultative Forum: Press Releases and Other Documents (2010) (Khartoum & Addis Ababa)
--See below: United Nations on The Sudan
- Amnesty International on Sudan--Profile and Updates (New York and Washington, DC)
- Atlantic Council: "Sudan: Politics, Engagement, and Reform." (2018). By Johnnie Carson and Zach Vertin. (Washington, DC)
--See also: All articles on Sudan - Blogs on The Sudan: Scholarly analysis, opinions, and community fora
- African Arguments (Royal African Society, London, UK): Sudan (2020-2024); "Sudan: The violence is a symptom of a profound collective failure." May 24, 2024 ; "How the UAE kept the Sudan war raging," February 21, 2024 ; "Sudan Uprising" April 8, 2019 ; "Sudan: A genuine, peaceful people's revolution in the making," February 12, 2019 ; Sudan Uprising III: what 1964 and 1985 tell us about today's protests," January 7, 2019
- Center for Strategic and International Studies--"Southern Sudan's Referendum" (Washington, DC)
- Council on Foreign Relations (Washington, DC): "The Crisis in Sudan: What to Know," November 22, 2021 By Michelle Gavin.
--See also: "The Roots of Sudan's Upheaval." (May 9, 2019) By Herman Cohen. - Democracy First Group, 2011-2013 (Khartoum, Sudan) --via blogspot.comIn English and Arabic: "A coalition of democrats and for Sudan activists, trade unionists and academics men and women representing Sudan different cultural and ethnic backgrounds. The main agenda of the initiative is to voice the concerns of the voiceless Sudanese people across the country in the current critical moment the country is going through."
- Enough Project--"Sudan" (2018) (USA)
- African Arguments (Royal African Society, London, UK): Sudan (2020-2024); "Sudan: The violence is a symptom of a profound collective failure." May 24, 2024 ; "How the UAE kept the Sudan war raging," February 21, 2024 ; "Sudan Uprising" April 8, 2019 ; "Sudan: A genuine, peaceful people's revolution in the making," February 12, 2019 ; Sudan Uprising III: what 1964 and 1985 tell us about today's protests," January 7, 2019
- The Carter Center: Sudan's Youth and the Transition: Priorities, Perceptions and Attitudes. (August 2021) -- Atlanta, Georgia: The Center, 2021. 54 pages in PDF format
- Centre for Information Resilience: Sudan Conflict Map (2023) (Benjamin Strickland and others, CIR, London, UK)
- Center for Strategic and International Studies on Sudan (Washington, DC)
- Sudan: assessing risks to stability. (June 2011) by Richard Downie and Brian Kennedy.
-- Washington, DC: CSIS, 2011. 38 pages in PDF format. Part of: "Stress Testing African States" (2011) series - Sudanese perspectives on the 2011 Referendum (November 2010) by Richard Downie and Brian Kennedy. -- Washington, DC: CSIS, 2010. 14 pages in PDF format.
- Sudan: assessing risks to stability. (June 2011) by Richard Downie and Brian Kennedy.
- Chatham House Reports on The Sudan (London, UK)
- Civil War in Sudan: the Impact of Ecological Degradation, 1994 (Mohamed Suliman, Centre for Security Studies & Conflict Research, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology; via Contributions in Black Studies, University of Massachusetts at Amherst)
- Communist Party of Sudan/Sudanese Communist Party--Facebook (Khartoum) In Arabic
- Comprehensive Peace Agreement (2005) (viaThe United Nations)
- Conciliation Resources -- Accord: an international review of peace initiatives (London, UK)
- Constitution of the Republic of Sudan (2019) (via Constitute, Comparative Constitutions Project, University of Texas at Austin and University of Chicago Law School, USA)
- The Cost of Future Conflict in Sudan (2010) -- London and Nottinghamshire: AEGIS Trust, 2010. Sponsored by AEGIS Trust, Insitute for Security Studies, Society for International Development, and Frontier Economics Ltd. ; 24 pages in PDF format
- Council for the Development of Social Science Research in Africa: Post-referendum Sudan: national and regional questions. (2014) Edited by Samson Samuel Wassara & Al-Tayb Zain Ali-Abdin Muhammed. -- Dakar, Senegal: CODESRIA, 2014. 219 p. PDF format
- Criminal Law Reform in Sudan (Khartoum, The Sudan)The site features various reports and other resources (2008-2016) ; plus, Sudan law reform update (2008-2012).
"The Project for Criminal Law Reform in Sudan has been initiated by REDRESS and Khartoum Center for Human Rights and Environmental Development (KCHRED). After the closure of KCHRED, the Sudanese Organisation for Research and Development (SORD) has joined the initiative as new project partners. It is a collaborative effort, with community groups and civil society organisations playing a major role as stakeholders to identify priorities and implement activities." - Darfur Crisis, 2004 to present
- United Nations Mission in Sudan / African Union--United Nations Hybrid Operation in Darfur
- BBC News In-Depth on Darfur and The Sudan-- Sudan Country Profile (2023)
-- "Dream election result for Sudan's President Bashir" (April 27, 2010)
-- Q&A on Darfur (February 2010)
-- "Sudan elections put back to 2010" (April 2, 2009) -- "Warning of Darfur Arab rebellion" (November 26, 2007) -- "Civilians killed in Darfur attack" (December 10, 2006)...plus previous stories, background reports since 2004, and maps of conflict zones. - Columbia University Libraries:: Selected Readings on Darfur, plus Children & War (2006-2007). (New York)
- Darfur Consortium -- An African and International Civil Society Action for Darfur (Kampala, Uganda)This website includes action statements from African NGOs and links to documents, press releases, and other websites."[The consortium] is a coalition of more than thirty Africa-based and Africa-focused NGOsdedicated to the working together to promote a just, peaceful and sustainable end to the ongoing humanitarian and human rights crisis in Darfur."
- Darfur-Darfur Dialogue & Consultation (DDDC)Still under construction: The site offers general information about the DDDC, reports, and news on Darfur peace process and related issues. "The Darfur Peace Agreement, established the DDDC, an autonomous and non-politicized process, mandated to enable Darfurians to voice their opinions and views to achieve sustainable peace and reconciliation in Darfur."
- Darfur Peace Agreement, May 2006 (via United Nations Peacemaker, New York) 115 pages in PDF format
- Darfur Women Action Group (Washington, DC)
- Human Rights First on China, The Sudan & Darfur (see below)
- Human Rights Watch on Darfur (New York)
- International Center for Transitional Justice: Reparation and the Darfur Peace Process: Ensuring Victims' Rights. (November 2007) By Suliman Baldo and Lisa Magarrell. (Reparative justice series)
-- [New York]: ICTJ, 2007. 53 pages in PDF format
- International Crisis Group: The Chaos in Darfur (April 2015) ; Sudan's Spreading Conflict (III): The Limits of Darfut's Peace Process (January 2014) (Brussels, Belgium; Washington, DC, USA)
--See below for all reports: ICG on Sudan - International Criminal Court on Darfur (The Hague, The Netherlands)
- London Review of Books. (Online): "The Politics of Naming: Genocide, Civil War, Insurgency" by Mahmood Mamdani (March 8, 2007). Vol. 29, no. 5. ; plus Letters and reponses
--See also: "Blue-Hatting Darfur," by Mahmood Mamdani (September 6, 2007) - O'Fahey's "Darfur Website Documents" The Centre Studies Research Seminars, The Centre for Middle Eastern Studies, University of Bergen. (Professor Rex Sean O'Fahey, Dept. of History, University of Bergen, Norway)Assorted notes, historical essays, and historical documents photographed by Prof. Rex Sean O'Fahey in the 1970s.
- Radio Dabanga (via Press Now, Hilversum, The Netherlands)This web site features current news briefs (in English and Arabic) and selected downloads from radio broadcasts in Arabic. "...reports from inside Sudan as well as abroad, producing independent news and relevant information for all Darfuri: city folk, villagers and herdsman, IDP's, Refugees, Darfuri abroad and in Sudan...a project of the Radio Darfur Network, a coalition of Sudanese Journalists and international (media) development organizations..."
- UNAMID: United Nations--African Union Mission in Darfur, 2007- (See below)
- United States. Department of State: Sudan--Death Toll in Darfur, March 25, 2005, (Washington, DC)
- University of California: Understanding the Human Catastrophe in Darfur (2008) Understanding Sudan, A Teaching and Learning Resource (Berkeley, California)
- Elections & Referendum in Sudan/Southern Sudan, 2010-2011 (via Columbia University Libraries)
- Enough Project: The project to end genocide and crimes against humanity (Center for American Progress, Washington, DC)--See especially: Reports on Sudan
- European Coalition on Oil in Sudan (ECOS) (Utrecht, The Netherlands)The site features news, reports, and maps. "...unites over 50 European organizations working for peace and justice in Sudan...does research and calls for action from governments and the business sector to ensure that Sudan's oil wealth contributes to peace, equitable development and the protection of human rights."
--See especially: ECOS reports - Foreign Policy in Focus -- The Sudan (Institute for Policy Studies, Washington, DC)
- "Allergic to dissent: Khartoum and Washington," May 17, 2010. Opinion piece by Steve Fake and Kevin Funk.
- "Sudan's divorce proceedings," March 10, 2010. Opinion piece by Francis Njubi Nesbitt.
- FPIF on Africa (General)
- Global Witness on Sudan (London, UK)
- "Global Witness focuses on areas where profits from environmental exploitation fund human rights abuses." News reports and press releases; sources include inter-governmental organizations, NGOs and the major western news services.
- GW Home Page (General)
- "Crude Calculations: The Continued Lack of Transparency over Oil in Sudan" (January 6, 2011)
28 pages in PDF format - "Fueling Mistrust: The Need for Transparency in Sudan's Oil Industry" (September 7, 2009)
Summary in HTML and English; 76 pages in PDF format in English or Arabic
- Government of Sudan -or- The Republic of Sudan (Khartoum, The Sudan) See below
- Human Rights First: Investing in tragedy: China's money, arms, and politics in Sudan (March 2008) PDF format (New York)See also: China's Arms Sales to Sudan -and- Arms Sales to Sudan (2004-2006)
- Human Rights Watch on The Sudan (New York & Washington, DC)
- Latest news, press releases, etc. on Sudan from HRW
- "Sudan: Unlawful Detentions by Rapid Support Forces," March 1, 2021. ...and related letters, press releases or dispatches.
- "Sudan: Security Forces Kill Protesters in Eastern Sudan," December 21, 2020.
- "Sudan: Hundreds of Protesters Arrested..." January 18, 2019
- "'We stood, they opened fire!': killings and arrests by Sudan's security forces during September protests" (April 2014) -- New York: HRW, 2014. 40 pages in PDF format
- "Democracy on hold: rights violations in the April 2010 Sudan elections." (June 29, 2010) -- New York, HRW, 2010. 38 pages in PDF format
- "The way forward: ending human rights abuses and repression across Sudan." (October 6, 2009) -- New York: HRW, 2009. 28 pages in PDF format.
- "Crackdown on Khartoum: mass arrests, torture, and disappearances since the May 10 attack" (June 2008) Human Rights Watch report. (33 pages in PDF format)
- "'They shot at us as we fled': government attacks on civilians in West Darfur in February 2008" (May 2008) Human Rights Watch report. (40 pages in PDF format)
- "Targeting the Fur: mass killings in Darfur" (January 24, 2005). HRW briefing paper.
- "Darfur destroyed: ethnic cleansing by government and militia forces in western Sudan." (May 2004)
- Sudan, 2002. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2003. (Online).
- Sudan, 2001. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2002. (Online).
- "Human rights causes of the famine in Sudan" (1998-2001)March 2001 analysis report, plus links to earlier reports.
- Sudan, 2000. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2001. (Online).
- Sudan, 1999. In Human Rights Watch World Report 2000. (Online).
- Famine in Sudan, 1998: the human rights causes. (Online) -- United States : Human Rights Watch, 1999.
- Sudan 1998-99. In Human Rights Watch World Report 1999. (Online).
- Latest news, press releases, etc. on Sudan from HRW
- Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre: Sudan Norwegian Refugee Council (Geneva, Switzerland)For each country in the IDP survey, the document collection includes an overall summary, population figures, social indicators, and some analyses.
- International Crisis Group on The Sudan (Washington, DC ; Brussels, Belgium)
- Briefings and full length reports on the Sudan up to the present.
- "Sudan: Stopping a Spiral into Civil War." (June 7, 2019)
- Improving Prospects for a Peaceful Transition in Sudan (January 2019)
- The Chaos in Darfur (April 2015)
- Sudan's Spreading Conflict (III): The Limits of Darfut's Peace Process (January 2014)
- Sudan's Spreading Conflict (II): War in Blue Nile (June 2013)
- Sudan's Spreading Conflict (I): War in South Kordofan (Feb. 2013)
- Negotiating Sudan's North-South Future (November 2010)
- Preventing Implosion in Sudan (January 2010): an update on a December 2009 ICG report.
- International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance: Sudan's 2019 Constitutional Declaration: It's Impact on the Transition.
By Brooke Davies. -- Stockholm, Sweden: International IDEA, 2022. 51 pages in PDF format
- Justice Africa (London, UK)
- Sudan Papers. -- London: Justice Africa, 2002-2006.
- See also: JA's programme on Sudan.
- Sudan Justice and Equality Movement
- KAIROS--Canadian Ecumenical Justice Initiatives: Sudan (2010-2017) (Toronto, Canada)The website features reports on conflict resolution and peace initiatives by Canadian Christian missionary organizations in Sudan...including Darfur. "KAIROS works through the New Sudan Council of Churches in the areas of human rights, peace building, and community development."
- Oxfam International on The Sudan (Oxfam America, Washington, DC)
- REDRESS on The Sudan (London, UK)This site features program news and position papers. "...a human rights organisation that helps torture survivors obtain justice and reparation. REDRESS works with survivors to help restore their dignity and to make torturers accountable."
- Reporters sans frontières -- News and Reports on Sudan (English version) (Paris, France)
- The Republic of The Sudan (Khartoum)
- Embassy of The Republic of The Sudan in the United States (Washington, DC)
- Secretary General of the Council (October 2021)
An official website of the current "transitional" Sudanese government in Arabic (and English), with basic information about the system of government and the country. - Assessment and Evaluation Commission, 2005-2011 ***Offline"The members of the AEC are representatives from the Government of National Unity (three from NCP and 3 from SPLM), representatives from the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (Kenya and Ethiopia) and representatives from Italy, the Netherlands, Norway, the United Kingdom and the United States, that witnessed the peace negotiations that led to the signature of the CPA."
--See also: Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) and background (via UN Mission in Sudan) - Ministries
- Foreign Affairs In Arabic only
- Interior In Arabic only
- Justice In Arabic only
- Rift Valley Institute (Nairobi, Kenya)
- "...an independent association based in Kenya and the United Kingdom. The Institute was established in 2001 to support research, publishing and educational initiatives in the African Rift Valley region. Fellows of the Institute include academic specialists from Africa, Europe and the Americas and local and international practitioners in the fields of aid, development, environmental conservation and human rights."
- Sudan Elections project (2021)
- Local Peace Processes in Sudan: A Baseline Study (2006)
- Sudan Abduction & Slavery Project, 1983-2003
- See also: Sudan Open Archive below
- Satellite Sentinel Project (Cambridge, Massachusetts)In collaboration with Harvard Humanitarian Initiative, Google, Trellon, Enough Project, Not on Our Watch, Sudan Now, & DigitalGlobe.
"George Clooney initiated the Satellite Sentinel Project (SSP) while on an October 2010 trip to Southern Sudan with Enough Project Co-founder John Prendergast. SSP combines satellite imagery analysis and field reports with Google's Map Maker technology to deter the resumption of war between North and South Sudan." - Small Arms Survey: Human Security Baseline Assessment for Sudan and South Sudan (Geneva, Switzerland)
- "...a multi-year research project administered by the Small Arms Survey, an independent research project of the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies. It has been developed in cooperation with the Canadian government, UNMIS, UNDP, and NGO partners."
- "Sudan Uprising: Popular Struggles, Elite Compromises, and Revolution Betrayed," June 2020.
- "Diaspora in Despair: Darfurian Mobility at a Time of International Disengagement," June 2020.
- "Spilling Over: Conflict Dynamics in and around Sudan's Blue Nile State, 2015–19," March 2020.
- HSBA reports, 2009-2016
- Social Science Research Council -- Crisis in the Horn of Africa (SSRC Africa Program, New York)SSRC news analysis forum on Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti and Sudan.
- Social Science Research Council Blog: Making Sense of Sudan by Alex de Waal et al. (New York)
- Sudan Democracy First Group (Khartoum, Sudan)"...established in 2010 in Khartoum with the aim to provide a voice to the voiceless, as well as to promote democracy in its intersection, with peace, justice, and balanced development."
--See especially: Publications - Sudan Human Rights Organization - Cairo Branch (Egypt)
- "SHRO-Cairo disseminates human rights and democracy information that aims to insure the recognition, realization, and enjoyment of human rights norms and principles as enshrined in regional and international human rights instruments and covenants as an integral part of the Constitution, State, and Civil Society of Sudan."
- Sudanese human rights quarterly, The. (Online) -- Cairo, Egypt: SHRO-Cairo, 2005-2009. --via Sudan Tribune
- Sudan Institute for Research and Policy (via Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, Pennsylvania)The site includes downloadable papers from SIRP members and a 2007 SIRP-sponsored conference, as well as information about SIRP projects. "...an independent, non-partisan, non-profit research organization dedicated to the promotion of knowledge about The Sudan. SIRP seeks to provide a platform for scholars (especially Sudanese) concerned with the provision of accurate, well-researched, independent materials to contribute to the development of The Sudan and the Sudanese peoples in a broad sense."
--See especially: Sudan Vote Monitor (2010-2011) - Sudan Justice and Equality Movement
- Sudan Open Archive (Rift Valley Institute, London, UK & Nairobi, Kenya)"The first phase of the Archive involved the digitisation of technical reports on aid and development from Operation Lifeline Sudan (1989-2005). A library of contemporary and historical literature on environmental issues was added in 2006; a collection of reports on local peace processes in 2007. They will be followed by further ethnographic writing, grammars and dictionaries of Sudanese languages, and collections of documents in Arabic."
- Sudan Tribune: Comprehensive Peace Agreement Implemention Archives -and- Darfur Conflict Archives (SudanTribune.com, Ltd., via Agence des Médias Numérique, Paris, France)
- Sudan Votes (MICT--Media in Cooperation and Transition, Berlin, Germany)"MICT is a German media development organization that implements projects in the Middle East and Northern Africa....SUDANVOTES trains and supports Sudanese journalists...All stories are published locally in Sudanese media and they are available internationally on the SUDANVOTES website [in English or in Arabic]. Reports cover topics related to the independence referendum on 9th January 2011 as well as broader Sudanese current-affairs."
- Sudanese Online Research Association (SORA) (Sudan Resource Centre of Australia, Melbourne)The site offers links to selected news analytical and background reports, and web sites on the Sudan--historical and contemporary. "[Founded on October 3, 2003...to provide a place for sharing research globally amongst people interested in the Sudanese Diaspora...In mid-2004, SORA formed an association with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Kenya operation. SORA is now the sole online publisher for the work of Sudanese refugees participating in the Peace Education Program run at the UNHCR's refugee camps in Kenya."
- The Umma Party Sudan Web Site (Cairo, Egypt; Washington, DC)The home page of the opposition party in exile.
- Understanding Sudan: A Teaching and Learning Resource--Sudan (University of California at Berkeley, California)An extensive list of links and fact sheets for teacher and classroom use---frequently updated. "This portal will be developed over three years (2005-2008), and will portray the variety of Sudanese experiences, showcase not only empirical facts of the country's history, political economy, ecology, societies and cultures, but also its literatures in indigenous and colonial languages, arts and music, and scholarly work."
- United Nations Agencies on The Sudan
- UN News Centre: News Focus: Sudan & South Sudan (New York)
- UNOCHA--UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs on Sudan (2024)
- Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan, 2023-2025
--"Findings of the investigations conducted by the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission for the Sudan," October 23, 2024 - UNHCR on Sudan Situation (April 17, 2024)
- UN Peacemaker: Sudan Peace Agreements (1972-2020)
- UNMIS--UN Mission in the Sudan, 2005-2011 (Home Page)The site includes the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) and background; plus, news updates.
- UNMIS on Abyei, 2011-2017
- UNAMID: United Nations - African Union Mission in Darfur, 2007-2021News, reports, and related links on the UN and the AU in Darfur since July 31, 2007.
--See especially: UNAMID Documents - UN Mission in Sudan: Referendum Coverage (2011) -and- Abyei
- Sudan Unified Mission Plan (2005) 73 pages in PDF format
- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees on The Sudan (Geneva, Switzerland)
- United States. Department of State -- The Sudan
- Sudan Country Report on Human Rights Practices: 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023
--Search by country for years: 1996-1999 -and- 1999-2015 - Sudan Country Report on International Religious Freedom: 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022
--Search by country for years: 2001-2015
--Plus: 1999 | 2000
- Sudan Country Report on Human Rights Practices: 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023
- United States Embassy in Khartoum, The Sudan (U.S. Department of State, Washington, DC)
- United States. Institute of Peace: The Sudan
- USIP on The Sudan (All publications)
- NSBI--North-South Border Initiative: a resource library
- USIP Peace Brief: "Pathway to National Dialogue in Sudan" (August 2013)
- Peace agreements, 2002-2005
- Special report: Sudan: Ending the war, moving talks forward, 1994
- USIP on The Sudan (All publications)
- Waging Peace (London, UK)"Waging Peace campaigns against human rights abuses in Sudan, where protracted conflicts and poor governance continue to blight the lives of citizens. We maintain our focus on Sudan even though international attention has moved on to other crises. But just because the outcry at the height of the genocide in Darfur has stopped, it does not mean the suffering is over."
--See especially: Features -and- Media Archive - Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars on Sudan (Washington, DC)
- All content at WWICS on "Sudan"
- "A Critical Moment in Sudan: Views from Thabo Mbeki (Head of AU High Level Implementation Panel) & Haile Menkerios (Special Rep. of UN Sec.-Gen., Head of UNMIS), and others," June 16, 2010. Video and text summary
- "Sudan: Prospects for a Just and Lasting Peace," April 1, 2009: panel with Deng Alor Kuol, Min. of Foreign Affairs, Sudan; Pagan Amum Okeich, SPLM Secretary General. Video & text summary
- "Sustaining a Fragile Peace: Cross-Party Perspectives of Sudanese Parliamentarians," March 29, 2009: panel with Sudanese Women Parliamentarian's Caucus. Video and text summary
- All content at WWICS on "Sudan"